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More About This Title Toxicology of Nanomaterials
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Weiyue Feng graduated from Fudan University of Applied Chemistry, China, in 1989 and received her PhD from the Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, in 1998. She is currently professor of inorganic chemistry and biological chemistry. Her primary fields of research include chemical biology, metallomics and metalloproteins as well as biological and toxicological studies of nanomaterials.
Yuliang Zhao is Professor in Chemistry and Physics. He moved to Chinese Academy of Sciences from RIKEN, Japan, as a Hundred Elite Professor in 2001. His research is mainly focused on the biomedical effects of nanostructures and nanoscale materials, including the biomedical functions of nanomaterials, the toxicological effects of nanomaterials and establishing standard procedures for safety assessment of nanoproducts, surface chemistry of nanoparticles and their novel properties, and molecular dynamics using theoretical simulation of the dynamic processes of the interplay between nanosystems and biosystems.
English
List of Contributors XV
Preface XIX
Abbreviations XXI
1 Characterization of Nanomaterials in Nanotoxicological Analyses 1
Yuhui Ma
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Size and Morphology of NMs 2
1.3 Composition and Structure 8
1.4 Surface Properties 12
1.5 Interactions between NMs and Biological Environments 15
1.6 Conclusions 16
References 16
2 Quantitative Analysis of Metal-Based Nanomaterials in Biological Samples Using ICP-MS 23
Meng Wang
2.1 Introduction 23
2.2 ICP-MS: A Power Tool for Element Analysis 24
2.3 Single-Particle ICP-MS: Theory and Application 28
2.4 Analysis of Nanoparticles by ICP-MS Hyphenate Techniques 33
2.5 Conclusion and Outlook 38
References 38
3 Stable Isotopic Tracing of Nanomaterials In Vivo 43
Yuliang Zhao and Xueling Chang
3.1 Introduction 43
3.2 Development of Stable Isotope Labeling in Nanotechnology 45
3.3 13C-Labeled Carbon Nanomaterials 46
3.4 Metal Stable Isotope Labeled Nanoparticles 56
3.5 Summary and Outlook 61
References 61
4 Radiolabeling of Nanoparticles 69
Zhiyong Zhang
4.1 Introduction 69
4.2 Radiolabeling of Nanomaterials 74
4.3 Summary and Outlook 87
References 88
5 New Methods for Nanotoxicity Analyses: Synchrotron-Radiation-Based Techniques 95
Bing Wang
5.1 Introduction 95
5.2 Speciation Transformation of NMs in Biological System by SR-Based Techniques 96
5.3 SR-Based Analytical Techniques for Understanding Nano–Bio Interactions 103
5.4 Conclusion and Prospects 115
References 116
6 Imaging Techniques in Nanotoxicology Research 121
Liang Yan, Yufeng Li, and Zhanjun Gu
6.1 Introduction 121
6.2 Imaging Techniques for In Vitro Visualization and Quantification of Nanomaterials 121
6.3 Distribution and Quantification of Nanomaterials In Vivo 133
6.4 Conclusions 139
References 141
7 In Vivo Nanotoxicity Assays in Animal Models 151
Xiao He
7.1 Introduction 151
7.2 Laboratory Animal Models 152
7.3 Administration 158
7.4 Particokinetics 166
7.5 In Vivo Toxicity of Nanomaterials 174
7.6 Recommendations 182
References 183
8 In Vitro Testing Methods for Nanomaterials 199
Feng Zhao and Xueying Liu
8.1 Introduction 199
8.2 Preparation of Nanoparticle Suspensions 200
8.3 Cell Viability Assays 201
8.4 Oxidative Stress Assay 204
8.5 Inflammatory Assay 205
8.6 Summary and Outlook 207
References 208
9 Localizing the Cellular Uptake of Nanomaterials 211
Wei Li
9.1 Introduction 211
9.2 Mechanism of Cellular Uptake of Nanomaterials 212
9.3 Methods to Determine Cellular Nanoparticle Uptake In Vitro 213
9.4 Representative Cellular Uptake of Nanomaterials and Intracellular Location Determined with Different Methods 217
9.5 Summary and Outlook 227
References 227
10 Methods and Techniques in Molecular Toxicology of Nanomaterials 231
Yanli Wang, Chenchen Li, and Chunying Chen
10.1 Introduction 231
10.2 Gene Mutation Detection 232
10.3 Gene Expression Analysis 235
10.4 DNA Damage Detection 238
10.5 Chromosomal Aberration Analysis 242
10.6 Omics 246
10.7 Conclusions 247
References 247
11 Analyses Methods for Nanoparticle Interaction with Biomacromolecules 257
Liming Wang and Chunying Chen
11.1 Introduction 257
11.2 Biological Effects due to Nanoparticle–Biomolecule Interactions 258
11.3 Basic Methods to Understand NPs and Protein Interactions 267
11.4 Summary and Outlook 280
References 281
12 "Omic" Techniques for Nanosafety 287
Weiyue Feng
12.1 Introduction 287
12.2 Materials and Biological Models 289
12.3 Genomics Study for Nanosafety 290
12.4 Transcriptomics Study for the Biological Effects of ENMs 297
12.5 Proteomics Study for Nanosafety 303
12.6 Metabolomics Study for Nanosafety 310
12.7 Summary and Outlook 313
References 314
13 Nanometallomics: New Approach on Analyzing Biological Effects of Metal-Related Nanomaterials 319
Yu-Feng Li, Jiating Zhao, Yuxi Gao, and Chunying Chen
13.1 Introduction 319
13.2 Integrated Approaches on the ADME of Metal-Related Nanomaterials in Biological Systems 320
13.3 Interactions of Metal-Related Nanomaterials with Genes, Proteins, and Other Biomolecules 325
13.4 Conclusions 328
Acknowledgments 328
References 328
14 Molecular Simulation Methods for Safety Analyses of Nanomaterials 333
Lina Zhao
14.1 Introduction 333
14.2 The Molecular Simulation Methods for Nanomaterials and Biological Systems 335
14.3 The Scientific Problems in Biological Effects of Nanomaterials Studied by Molecular Simulations 352
14.4 Summary and Outlook 361
Acknowledgments 361
References 362
15 Ecotoxicity Analyses of Nanomaterials 367
Peng Zhang
15.1 Introduction 367
15.2 Transformation of ENMs in the Environment 368
15.3 Toxicity of ENMs in Terrestrial Ecosystem 370
15.4 Other Terrestrial Organisms 379
15.5 Aquatic Organisms 382
15.6 Challenges and Perspective 384
References 384
Index 393
