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More About This Title An Introduction to Molecular Biotechnology 2e -Fundamentals, Methods and Applications
English
The new edition features:
- Large format and full color throughout
- Proven structure according to basics, methods, main topics and economic perspectives
- New sections on system biology, RNA interference, microscopic techniques, high throughput sequencing, laser applications, biocatalysis, current biomedical applications and drug approval
- Optimized teaching with learning targets, a glossary containing around 800 entries, over 500 important abbreviations and further reading.
The only resource for those who are seriously interested in the topic.
Bonus material available online free of charge: www.wiley-vch.de/home/molecbiotech
English
English
Preface XIX
List of Contributors XXI
Abbreviations XXV
Part I Fundamentals of Cellular and Molecular Biology 1
1 The Cell as the Basic Unit of Life 3
M. Wink
2 Structure and Function of Cellular Macromolecules 7
M. Wink
2.1 Structure and Function of Sugars 8
2.2 Structure of Membrane Lipids 10
2.3 Structure and Function of Proteins 14
2.4 Structure of Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids (DNA and RNA) 21
2.5 References 27
3 Structure and Functions of a Cell 29
M. Wink
3.1 Structure of a Eukaryotic Cell 29
3.2 Structure of Bacteria 50
3.3 Structure of Viruses 51
3.4 Differentiation of Cells 52
4 Biosynthesis and Function of Macromolecules (DNA, RNA, and Proteins) 57
M. Wink
4.1 Genomes, Chromosomes, and Replication 57
4.2 Transcription: From Gene to Protein 71
4.3 Protein Biosynthesis (Translation) 76
5 Distributing Proteins in the Cell (Protein Sorting) 81
M. Wink
5.1 Import and Export of Proteins via the Nuclear Pore 82
5.2 Import of Proteins in Mitochondria and Chloroplasts 83
5.3 Protein Transport into the Endoplasmic Reticulum 85
5.4 Vesicle Transport from the ER via the Golgi Apparatus to the Cytoplasmic Membrane 86
6 Evolution and Diversity of Organisms 91
M. Wink
6.1 Prokaryotes 91
6.2 Eukaryotes 91
Part II Standard Methods in Molecular Biotechnology 99
7 Isolation and Purification of Proteins 101
T. Wieland, M. Lutz
7.1 Introduction 101
7.2 Producing a Protein Extract 102
7.3 Gel Electrophoretic Separation Methods 103
7.4 Methods of Protein Precipitation 106
7.5 Column Chromatography Methods 107
7.6 Examples 113
8 Peptide and Protein Analysis with Electrospray Tandem Mass Spectrometry 115
A. Schlosser, W.D. Lehmann
8.1 Introduction 115
8.2 Principles of Mass Spectrometry 115
8.3 Mass Precision, Resolution, and Isotope Distribution 116
8.4 Principles of ESI 116
8.5 Tandem Mass Spectrometers 117
8.6 Peptide Sequencing with MS/MS 119
8.7 Identifying Proteins with MS/MS Data and Protein Databases 120
8.8 Determining Protein Molecular Mass 121
8.9 Analysis of Covalent Protein Modification 122
8.10 Relative and Absolute Quantification 123
9 Isolation of DNA and RNA 125
H. Weiher, R. Zwacka, I. Herr
9.1 Introduction 125
9.2 DNA Isolation 125
9.3 RNA Isolation 127
10 Chromatography and Electrophoresis of Nucleic Acids 129
H. Weiher, R. Zwacka, I. Herr
10.1 Introduction 129
10.2 Chromatographic Separation of Nucleic Acids 129
10.3 Electrophoresis 130
11 Hybridization of Nucleic Acids 133
H. Weiher, R. Zwacka, I. Herr
11.1 Significance of Base Pairing 133
11.2 Experimental Hybridization: Kinetic and Thermodynamic Control 133
11.3 Analytical Techniques 134
12 Use of Enzymes in the Modification of Nucleic Acids 137
A. Groth, R. Zwacka, H. Weiher, I. Herr
12.1 Restriction Enzymes (Restriction Endonucleases) 137
12.2 Ligases 139
12.3 Methyltransferases 139
12.4 DNA Polymerases 140
12.5 RNA Polymerases and Reverse Transcriptase 141
12.6 Nucleases 141
12.7 T4 Polynucleotide Kinase 141
12.8 Phosphatases 142
13 Polymerase Chain Reaction 143
A. Mohr, H. Weiher, I. Herr, R. Zwacka
13.1 Introduction 143
13.2 Techniques 143
13.3 Areas of Application 146
14 DNA Sequencing 149
R. Zwacka, A. Mohr, I. Herr, H. Weiher
14.1 Introduction 149
14.2 DNA Sequencing Methods 149
14.3 Strategies for Sequencing the Human Genome 151
14.4 Practical Significance of DNA 152
15 Cloning Procedures 153
T. Wieland, S. Lutz
15.1 Introduction 153
15.2 Construction of Recombinant Vectors 153
16 Expression of Recombinant Proteins 169
T. Wieland, S. Lutz
16.1 Introduction 169
16.2 Expression of Recombinant Proteins in Host Organisms 170
16.3 Expression in Cell-Free Systems 178
17 Patch Clamp Method 181
R. Kraft
17.1 Biological Membranes and Ion Channels 181
17.2 Physical Foundations of the Patch Clamp Method 182
17.3 Patch Clamp Configurations 182
17.4 Applications of the Patch Clamp Method 184
18 Cell Cycle Analysis 187
S. Wölfl, A. Kitanovic
18.1 Analyzing the Cell Cycle 187
18.2 Experimental Analysis of the Cell Cycle 189
19 Microscopic Techniques 197
S. Diekmann
19.1 Electron Microscopy 197
19.2 Atomic or Scanning Force Microscopy 200
19.3 Light Microscopy 202
19.4 Microscopy in the Living Cell 206
20 Laser Applications 211
M. Vogel, R. Fink
20.1 Principles of Laser Technology 211
20.2 Properties of Laser Radiation 213
20.3 Types of Lasers and Setups 213
20.4 Applications 214
Part III Key Topics 217
21 Genomics and Functional Genomics 219
S.Wiemann, M. Frohme
21.1 Introduction 219
21.2 Technological Developments in DNA Sequencing 221
21.3 Genome Sequencing 222
21.4 cDNA Projects 238
21.5 Functional Genomics 246
21.6 Identification and Analysis of Individual Genes 248
21.7 Investigation of Transcriptional Activity 253
21.8 Cell-based Methods 266
21.9 Functional Analysis of Entire Genomes 272
22 Bioinformatics 275
B. Brors, K. Fellenberg
22.1 Introduction 275
22.2 Data Sources 276
22.3 Sequence Analysis 279
22.4 Evolutionary Bioinformatics 283
22.5 Gene Prediction 287
22.6 Bioinformatics in Transcriptome and Proteome Analysis 288
22.7 Bioinformatic Software 293
23 Cellular Systems Biology 295
H. Schmidt-Gienewinkel, S. Legewie, B. Brors, R. König
23.1 Introduction 295
23.2 Analysis of Cellular Networks by Top-Down Approaches 296
23.3 Overview of Bottom-Up Modeling of Biochemical Networks 304
23.4 Biological Examples 309
24 Protein–Protein and Protein–DNA Interaction 315
P. Uetz, E. Pohl
24.1 Protein–Protein Interactions 315
24.2 Protein–DNA Interactions 324
25 Drug Research 331
M. Koegl, R. Tolle, U. Deuschle, C. Kremoser
25.1 Introduction 331
25.2 Active Compounds and their Targets 331
25.3 Preclinical Pharmacology and Toxicology 344
25.4 Clinical Development 346
25.5 Clinical Testing 346
26 Drug Targeting and Prodrugs 349
G. Fricker
26.1 Drug Targeting 349
26.2 Prodrugs 355
26.3 Penetration of Drugs through Biological Membranes 356
26.4 Prodrugs to Extend Duration of Effect 357
26.5 Prodrugs for the Targeted Release of a Drug 357
26.6 Prodrugs to Minimize Side Effects 358
27 Molecular Diagnostics in Medicine 359
S. Wölfl, R. Gessner
27.1 Uses of Molecular Diagnostics 359
27.2 Which Molecular Variations Should be Detected 364
27.3 Molecular Diagnostic Methods 367
27.4 Outlook 375
28 Recombinant Antibodies and Phage Display 377
S. Dübel
28.1 Introduction 377
28.2 Why Recombinant Antibodies? 379
28.2.1 Recombinant Antibodies are Available In Vitro without Immunization 379
28.3 Obtaining Specific Recombinant Antibodies 379
28.4 Production of Recombinant Antibodies 384
28.5 Formats for Recombinant Antibodies 386
28.6 Applications of Recombinant Antibodies 392
28.7 Outlook 394
29 Transgenic and Gene-Targeted Mice and their Impact in Medical Research 395
R. Sprengel
29.1 Overview 395
29.2 Transgenic Mice 395
29.3 Homologous Recombination: knock-out (-in) mice 398
29.4 Conditionally Regulated Gene Expression 399
29.5 Impact of Genetically Modified Mice in Biomedicine 400
29.6 Outlook 402
30 Gene Therapy: Strategies and Vectors 403
A. Groth, I. Herr
30.1 Introduction 403
30.2 Principles of Somatic Gene Therapy 404
30.3 Germ Line Therapy 405
30.4 Setbacks in Gene Therapy 406
30.5 Vectors for Gene Therapy 406
30.6 Specific Expression 413
31 RNA Interference, Modified DNA, Peptide Nucleic Acid, and Applications in Medicine and Biotechnology 415
N. Metzler-Nolte, A. Sosniak
31.1 Introduction 415
31.2 Modified Nucleic Acids 416
31.3 Interactions of DNA Analogs with Complementary DNA and RNA 419
31.4 RNAi 421
31.5 Applications 424
32 Plant Biotechnology 431
H. Hillebrand, R. Hell
32.1 Introduction 431
32.2 Gene Expression Control 433
32.3 Production of Transgenic Plants 434
32.4 Selection of Transformed Plant Cells 439
32.5 Regeneration of Transgenic Plants 445
32.6 Plant Analysis: Identification and Characterization of Genetically Engineered Plants 446
33 Biocatalysis in the Chemical Industry 451
M. Breuer, B. Hauer
33.1 Introduction 451
33.2 Bioconversion/Enzymatic Procedures 454
33.3 Development of an Enzyme for Industrial Biocatalysis 456
33.4 Fermentative Procedures 462
Part IV Biotechnology in Industry 473
34 Industrial Application: Biotech Industry, Markets, and Opportunities 475
J. Schüler
34.1 Historical Overview and Definitions of Concepts 475
34.2 Areas of Industrial Application of Molecular Biotechnology 476
34.3 Status Quo of the Biotech Industry World-Wide 485
35 Patents in the Molecular Biotechnology Industry: Legal and Ethical Issues 487
David B. Resnik
35.1 Patent Law 487
35.2 Ethical and Policy Issues in Biotechnology Patents 492
35.3 Conclusions 498
36 Drug Approval in the European Union and United States 499
G. Walsh
36.1 Introduction 499
36.2 Regulation within the European Union 499
36.3 Regulation in the United States 503
36.4 Advent and Regulation of Biosimilars 506
36.5 International Regulatory Harmonization 506
37 Emergence of a Biotechnology Industry 509
C. Kremoser
38 The 101 of Founding a Biotech Company 517
C. Kremoser
38.1 First Steps Towards Your Own Company 517
38.2 Employees: Recruitment, Remuneration, Participation 522
39 Marketing 527
C. Kremoser
39.1 Introduction 527
39.2 What Types of Deals are Possible? 528
39.3 What Milestone or License Fees are Effectively Paid in a Biotech/Pharma Cooperation? 529
39.4 PR and IR in Biotech Companies 530
Appendix 533
Further Reading 535
Glossary 551
M. Wink
Subject Index 587
English
"Overall, however, I am very satisfied with the contents of this book (I wish I could edit such a nice book !), and would like to recommend it to the undergraduate and graduate students alike who want to quickly yet thoroughly learn the fundamentals and many applications of molecular biotechnology. Also, this book will be a nice and smooth reading for professors, researchers, and professionals in the field of bioscience and biotechnology to update themselves who wish to catch up with the recent developments in molecular biotechnology. In conclusion, this book will be a must read for modern bioscientists and biotechnologists and those who want to become." (Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 1 May 2011)
"This book is a must read for modern bioscientists and biotechnologists and those who want to become one.” (Biotechnology Journal, 1 July 2011)
