Title Details

Series Editors’ Preface xii

Acknowledgments xv

Introduction 1

Chapter 1: The Boundaries of Convention in the Gilded Age, 1880–1900 12

work 12

1 Atlanta Washing Society, 1881 12

2 Lynn Shoe Stitchers, 1886 and 1888 15

citizenship 17

3 Frances Willard, Women and Organization, 1891 17

4 Elizabeth Cady Stanton, The Solitude of Self, 1892 20

5 Ida B. Wells, Lynch Law, 1892 23

representations 28

6 Kate Chopin, Regret, 1897 28

7 Zitkala-S¡a (Gertrude Bonnin), The Beadwork, 1900 31

domestic lives 34

8 Woman’s Christian Temperance Union, Rules and regulations for the Hope and Help Rooms, 1887 34

9 Dr. Clelia Duel Mosher, The Mosher Survey, 1892 to 1913 36

10 Leong Shee’s Testimony, 1893 and 1929 39

Chapter 2: Reform and Revolt in the Modern Era, 1900–20 47

work 47

1 Maimie Pinzer, Letters to Fanny Howe, 1911 47

2 A Negro Nurse, More Slavery at the South, 1912 52

citizenship 58

3 Elizabeth Gurley Flynn, Women in Industry Should Organize, 1911 58

4 Louis D. Brandeis and Josephine Goldmark, The Brandeis Brief, 1908 63

5 Nannie Helen Burroughs, Black Women and Reform, 1915 74

6 Sonya Levien, The Struggles of Immigrant Women, 1918 75

7 Crystal Eastman, Our War Record: A Plea for Tolerance, 1918 79

representations 80

8 Virginia Arnold Holding a Kaiser Wilson Banner, 1918 80

9 Women Rivet Heaters and Passers On, 1919 82

domestic lives 83

10 Elinore Pruitt Stewart, The Homesteader’s Marriage and

A Little Funeral, 1912 83

11 Lutiant, Letter to a Friend, 1918 86

Chapter 3: Sex and Politics in an Age of Conservatism, 1920–33 89

work 89

1 Caroline Manning, The Immigrant Woman and Her Job, 1930 89

2 Christine Galliher Describes her Participation in a

Walkout Strike, 1929 92

citizenship 96

3 National Consumer’s League, Why It Should Not Pass:

The Blanket Equality Bill Proposed by the National Woman’s Party, 1922 96

4 Carrie Chapman Catt, Poison Propaganda, 1924 101

5 Eleanor Roosevelt, Women Must Learn to Play the Game as Men Do, 1928 107

representations 114

6 Betty Boop’s Bamboo Isle, 1932 114

7 Ethel Waters, No Man’s Mamma Now, 1925 115

domestic lives 116

8 Margaret Sanger, Address of Welcome, 1925 116

9 Alice Hamilton, Poverty and Birth Control, 1925 118

Chapter 4: Work and Family in Times of Crisis, 1933–48 122

work 122

1 Jennie Matyas and the ILGWU, 1937 122

2 Emma Tenayuca, Pecan Shellers Strike, 1938 127

3 Anna Mae Dickson, It’s Something Inside You, 1930s 130

citizenship 133

4 New York Times, Women Will Form a Ferry Command, 1942 133

5 Sue Kunitomi Embrey Describes her Experience as an Internee at Manzanar, 1940s 135

representations 142

6 Rosie the Riveter, 1942 142

7 Still Image of Joan Crawford from Mildred Pierce, 1945 143

domestic lives 144

8 Tennessee Valley Authority, Office Memorandum Re: Mattie and Jim Randolph, 1936 144

9 Eudora Welty, To Play Dolls, 1936 149

10 Letters from Polly to William Crow, 1944 to 1945 150

Chapter 5: The Second Sex in America, 1948–68 156

work 156

1 Michael Wilson, Salt of the Earth, 1954 156

2 Los Angeles Times, Classified Advertisements, 1960 161

3 Betty Friedan, The Sexual Sell, 1963 162

citizenship 169

4 Dorothy Kenyon and Phyllis J. Shampanier, Hoyt v. Florida, 1961 169

5 Casey Hayden and Mary King, A Kind of Memo, 1965 173

6 Fannie Lou Hamer, Testimony Before the Credentials

Committee at the Democratic National Convention, 1964 176

representations 179

7 Esmeralda Santiago, A Nena Puertorriquena Decente, 1960s 179

8 Life Magazine, How Nice to be a Pretty Girl and Work in Washington, 1962 181

domestic lives 182

9 Del Martin, President’s Message to the Daughters of Bilitis, 1956 182

10 Susan Tracy, We Know What You’ve Done, 1968 183

Chapter 6: Race, Class, Gender, and the Redefinition of America, 1968–88 188

work 188

1 Ms. Magazine, To Love, Honor and . . . Share: A Marriage Contract for the Seventies, 1973 188

2 Barbara Kingsolver, Ask Any Miner, 1983 191

3 Seth Mydans, Children of Chinatown Get a Day-Care Center, 1984 196

citizenship 197

4 Angela Davis, Free Angela Davis, 1972 197

5 Letter from Esther Peterson to Martha Griffiths, 1971 202

6 Phyllis Schlafly, Women Should Not Serve in Combat, 1979 203

7 Sister Theresa Kane, Welcome to Pope John Paul II, October 7, 1979 207

representations 208

8 Bil Keane, When I Grow Up, 1973 208

9 Gloria Anzaldu´ a, To Live in the Borderlands means you, 1999 209

domestic lives 211

10 Barbara Susan Kaminsky, An Abortion Testimonial, n.d. 211

11 Senator George McGovern, The Pill and Informed Consent, 1970 212

12 New Jersey Lesbian Caucus, How Do You Define ‘‘Lesbianism?’’ 1976 215

Chapter 7: Globalization, Glass Ceilings, and the Good Life? 1988–2008 219

work 219

1 Felice N. Schwartz, Management Women and the New Facts of Life, 1989 219

2 New York Times, More and More, Women Risk All to Enter U.S., 2006 223

citizenship 227

3 Anita Hill, Statement to the U.S. Senate Judiciary

Committee for the Hearings on Clarence Thomas, 1991 227

4 Rebecca Walker, Becoming the Third Wave, 1992 232

5 Carolyn Maloney, The Spirit of Stonewall, 1999 235

representations 236

6 Guerilla Girls, Do Women Have to Be Naked to Get into the Met. Museum? 1989 236

7 Susan Power, Museum Indians, 2002 237

domestic lives 240

8 National Center for Health Statistics, Death Rates for Selected Causes of Death for White and Black Women, 1970 and 1993 240

9 Barbara Seaman, The Doctors’ Case Against the Pill 1969, 1995 241

10 Antonia I. Castan˜ eda, History and the Politics of Violence Against Women, 1995 248

Bibliography 255

Index 260